The construction of autonomous knowledge system of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics is the current theoretical research hotspot and discipline development focus. The discipline of emergency management has typical interdisciplinary characteristics. What logic should be used to construct the interdisciplinary autonomous knowledge system of emergency management with Chinese characteristics? What are the key elements and challenges of the build process? Based on the analysis of the current situation of the theoretical research and practical application of the interdisciplinary knowledge system of emergency management, this paper puts forward the construction logic of the interdisciplinary knowledge system of emergency management of "scenario response-knowledge integration", and holds that the construction process includes three key points: scenario orientation guides the direction of knowledge sources; Knowledge integration is the essential basis of knowledge structure; Fusion communication is the realistic demand of knowledge communication. Based on the exploration of the interdisciplinary textbook curriculum and teaching software development of emergency management by the team of Beihang University, this paper analyzes the challenges in the construction of the interdisciplinary knowledge system, such as disciplinary differences, knowledge background conflicts, lack of team cooperation mechanism, and lack of talent cultivation ability. At the same time, it puts forward prospects for the improvement of the China's autonomous interdisciplinary knowledge system of emergency management.

As an action principle or action logic of applying through all fields of fiscal affairs and measuring whether financial activities are in line with the ultimate goal of fiscal practice, the basic logic of finance, on one hand reflect and express financial essence, on the other hand extend and present the idealistic logic of public power in financial field. According to the financial essence theory(we can also call it public power security theory), which based on the need spillover theory, the basic logic of finance is a kind of action logic about how to ensure the public power achieve its idealistic goals through exploring and allocating financial resources. As well, the basic logic of modern finance is the extension and presentation of the power logic of popular sovereignty in financial field, also the extension and presentation of publicness logic of altruism by justice in financial field. That is, explore and allocate financial resources by the rule of need justice to ensure public power to achieve its final goals of solving the need spillover affairs by the rule of need justice. In this sense, finance take the basic logic of public administration (public power logic) as its own basic logic, thus it is a public administration field which use the principle of public administration(altruism by justice) to govern the skills of finance management(including explore and allocate).

Financial security is the foundation and guarantee of economic security. The reform of the county under the direct management of the Ministry of Finance is an important barrier to construct county-level fiscal security defenses and an important way to explain the financial security of local governments in China. This paper selects Shanxi Province as a typical case, and takes the direct management of the Ministry of Finance as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the policy effect of fiscal decentralization reform on the balance of fiscal revenue and expenditure at the county level. Adopting a combination of propensity score matching and double difference method (PSM+DID) to identify the causal effect of reforms on county-level fiscal revenue and expenditure ratios, and from three perspectives: social resource integration capability mechanism, internal motivation mechanism and external pressure mechanism The internal mechanism of the causal disposition effect is verified. Research has shown that the reform of the counties directly under the direct management of the Ministry of Finance has significantly increased the fiscal revenue and expenditure ratio of the pilot counties by 6 percent, and the policy effects are lagging and sustainable. This conclusion is still valid after changing the measurement method, replacing the sample, and testing the placebo. This article provides an explanation path for understanding local fiscal security from the perspective of fiscal system reform, and provides a theoretical basis for continuing to advance and deepen the reform of counties under the direct management of the fiscal province.

Fiscal consolidation is the major measure of government debt risk emergency management in most countries. It is trigged on the case that the debt risk level is over some standard or there is a debt default event. In 2016, China published its fiscal reconsolidation policy for local governments. Based on the “control rights”model, this paper puts forward four types of governance structures, and investigates the behavior and differences of grass-roots governments fiscal consolidation in different governance structures. By applying the multi-case study method of DSO paradigm, this paper studies four counties (districts) with excessive debt risk and finds that when the debt risk index exceeded the standard and needed to reduce, the county-level governments in the “highly-centralized” and “incentive association” governance structure adopted the measures specified in the policy, which belongs to "programmatic response". The county-level government, which is in the “administrative subcontract” and “loosely association” governance structure, worked with the municipal governments to find ways beyond the policies to have "flexible response". In addition, this paper finds that after the termination of fiscal consolidation, the debt burden ratio, land transfer yields and transfer payments obtained from municipal governments of some counties increased, indicating that the constraints of fiscal consolidation in China could not effectively control the debt risk and promote the sustainability of local finance. This study enriches the research on public finance management of local governments from the perspective of organization, and provides forwards valuable policy suggestions for improving debt risk control of China’s local governments.

Grassroots pilot programs entering the central decision-making agenda is not a spontaneous occurrence but rather the result of meticulous planning and continuous efforts at the grassroots level. The initiative of grass-roots initiatives can drive policy creation, local policy pilot and influence the central decision-making agenda. This article follows the logic of "concept construction - case demonstration - framework generation" to analyze the complete process and mechanism of the pilot program's entry into the central decision-making agenda through grassroots autonomy. Case analysis is supplemented by shadow cases to conduct process analysis and mechanism mining, and the categorization and practical representation of the concept of political momentum are summarized. Based on the case analysis of "Xiaogang Village in Science and Technology field", explores and summarizes the types, characteristics, and functions of four political momentum: consensus momentum, propaganda momentum, alliance momentum, and decision-making influence momentum. It also analyzes the key internal agency mechanisms that enable grassroots pilot policy plans to enter the central decision-making process. The case study found that various types of political momentum embedded in grassroots autonomous policy creation and policy pilot activities have influenced grassroots pilot policy plans to enter the central decision-making agenda through consensus building, expanding influence, gaining recognition, and triggering potential energy. It has constructed a theoretical framework for the role of political momentum in the creation and pilot behavior of grassroots autonomous policies, extracts and enriches the localized expression of Chinese public policy research.

The quality of grassroots cadres is related to the advanced leadership of the Party and the legitimacy of government actions, which in turn affects the effectiveness of grassroots social governance. The threat of cadre stigma to the quality of grassroots cadres has reached a basic consensus in academic circles, so the "de-stigmatization" of grassroots cadres should become a common proposition for both practitioners and academics. The current discussion on the mechanism of cadres' stigmatization and its resolution strategy is mainly focused on the macro theory level, and the validity of this series of theories remains to be verified. Based on the two-stage matching data of 520 grassroots cadres and their direct supervisors, this paper concludes that cadre stigmatization can undermine the motivation of grassroots cadres in public service and affect their administrative performance. Positive cadre stigmatization strategies reduce the negative effect of cadre stigma on public service motivation, while negative cadre stigmatization strategies enhance this negative effect. This study enriches the study of the mechanism of cadre stigmatization from the perspective of stigmatization strategies, and thus strengthens the theoretical foundation of cadre stigmatization research. In addition, the results of this study have important practical implications for stigmatized grassroots cadres in terms of the choice of defusing strategies and enhancing their defusing ability.

In the context of the modernization and transformation of national governance,supervision going to the countryside constantly reshapes the practice of grassroots governance.Along with the level expansion of the supervision system,the generalization and refinement of supervision,and the strengthening of accountability,the supervision mechanism based on the trinity of assessment,supervision and accountability has been highly strengthened,resulting in township governance falling into the dilemma of“responsibility-energy imbalance”.To this end,townships rely on the“separation of responsibilities”mechanism,that is,through the overall responsibility allocation of party-government integration,the consolidation of horizontal responsibilities through administrative responsibility,and the downward movement of vertical responsibilities through supervision,to carry out responsive governance to this dilemma.The practice of division of responsibilities in townships has shaped the rural governance order with the“order of division of responsibilities”as the core.Under this division of responsibility order,villages form a close“community of responsibility”,which is different from the community of rural interests shaped by the order of distribution of profits,and becomes a new form of rural relations.The village responsibility community is relatively effective in coping with the high-pressure accountability multi-center work,but it has also caused unintended consequences such as the overheating of the township system and the administrativeization of village-level organizations.

The ordering of social access to health care is a realistic presentation of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment and a focal goal of the Health China strategy. As an important policy tool to guide the health care behavior of the population, there is a lack of sufficient literature to support the actual effectiveness of the medical insurance differentiated compensation policy and whether there are differences in the types of services. Through empirical tests on CHARLS data, the study finds that: the medical insurance differentiated compensation policy has contributed to rationalization of outpatient attendance behavior and has had a limited impact overall; the structural mismatch between the policy-set health insurance reimbursement rates and the goal of ordering social pattern of health care is an important reason for limiting the effectiveness of the medical insurance differentiated compensation; under specific circumstances, the policy effect is subject to the moderating effect of medical service capacity, and the realization of the policy effect also takes into account the extent to which the reimbursement standard of health insurance matches the service capacity of medical institutions. The conclusions of the study provide a reference for the improvement of the differential compensation policy of health insurance and the realisation of the ordering of the social pattern of medical care.

The low-carbon pilot policy is an important measure for China to accelerate the construction of ecological civilization, promote green and low-carbon development, and achieve greenhouse gas emission control goals. This paper proposes an analytical framework for the “goal-resource-information” transmission mechanism of low-carbon pilot policies, and empirically tests the effectiveness of the transmission mechanism of low-carbon pilot policies using multidimensional data at the city level. Results show that through the "goal-resource-information" transmission mechanism, the low-carbon pilot policies significantly reduce the carbon emission intensity of pilot provinces and cities, and the testing of different types of data shows that this conclusion was robust. With the goal-oriented transmission mechanism, the goals are transmitted through hierarchical pressure, making the two batches of pilots achieve significant carbon reduction results, and the carbon reduction results of the first batch of pilots are better than those of the second batch of pilots. With the resource-driven transmission mechanism, carbon emissions trading pilot and environmental policy resources have produced significant superposition or interaction effects based on low-carbon pilot policies, reflecting the synergy of policy resources. With the information-interaction transmission mechanism, effective guidance from the central government and active feedback from local governments have achieved a positive interaction between information “transmission and feedback”, resulting in a long-term enhancement effect of pilot policies. This study has important reference significance for optimizing the transmission mechanism of low-carbon policies and leveraging their carbon reduction effects to support the achievement of the "dual carbon" goals.

The institutionalization is critical for the effectiveness of social policies. The pilot project influenced by top-down political authority is an important factor in understanding the process of policy institutionalization. Based on the Neo-institutionalism theory on organizational analysis， we construct an analytical analysis framework of "Regulation-Imitation-Normalization". Taking the institutionalization process of China’s rental housing policy from 2016 to 2020 as an example， we explore the differentiated impact mechanism in policy institutionalization driven by the fiscal incentive-based pilot project and tool innovation-based pilot project. The study finds the fiscal incentive-based pilot project mainly promotes policy diffusion in time and space through regulatory mechanisms formed by implicit pressure and direct incentives, and local governments in this context often adopt pilot policies driven by institutional supply. In addition to the direct role of the regulatory mechanism, the tool innovation-based pilot project also increases the horizontal pressure perceived by local governments through the imitative mechanism, thus indirectly promotes the policy diffusion. Moreover, under the influence of normative mechanisms, the tool innovation-based pilot project shifts the driving force behind local government policy adoption from institutional supply to institutional demand. This research shows that pilot projects can influence the institutionalization process of social policies by promoting widespread diffusion of policies and stimulating the initiative of local governments, but different types of pilot projects have distinct degrees and mechanisms of influence on the institutionalization process. And the central government can flexibly select different types of pilot projects and adjust the intensity of incentives or mandates according to the evolving policy context. This flexibility is an important characteristic of China's policy pilot system.