The wide mobilization of social members' motivations for public service is the core driving force to improve the modernization level of governance through diverse governance paths, and it is also a basic condition for the effective operation of the whole-process people's democratic system. However, existing research has many limitations in terms of sample size, diversity, and representativeness, and is often confined to the examination of the civil servant group. This makes it difficult for existing research to answer questions such as how to stimulate wide-ranging social service motivation, which stimulation mechanisms are more effective, and the cross-group stability of stimulation effects, making it difficult to effectively provide reference for diverse governance practices. In response to the limitations of existing research, this paper conducts theoretical and operational optimization on the classic public service motivation research of Mogens Pedersen, adds new stimulation mechanisms and comparative designs, and replicates and tests the classic research findings based on a nationally representative sample of subjects. The experimental results of this paper show that the policy impact mechanism, which was not included in Pedersen's research, has the best stimulation effect and is significantly better than the altruistic and self-value mechanisms. Regarding stability, collectivism and self-value mechanisms show smaller cross-group differences. In terms of the conditional factors of the stimulation mechanism effect, gender and age factors have an impact that goes beyond social and economic variables such as family income and education level.

对社会成员公共服务动机的广泛动员既是通过多元治理路径提升治理能力现代化水平的核心动力,也是实现全过程人民民主制度有效运行的基础条件。然而,现有研究存在样本量级、多样性和代表性方面的诸多局限,且多囿于对公务员群体的考察。这使得现有研究难以回答如何进行广泛激发、何种激发机制更有效,以及激发效果的跨群组稳定性等问题,难以有效为多元治理实践提供借鉴。针对现有研究局限,本文在MogensPedersen于2015年发表的公共服务动机经典研究基础上进行理论和操作优化,加入新的激发机制和比较设计,并基于全国代表性被试样本对研究发现进行复刻检验。实验结果表明,原研究未包含的政策影响机制,其激发效果不仅最好,而且明显优于利他主义和自我价值机制。在稳定性上,集体主义和自我价值机制显示出了更小的跨群组差异。在激发机制效果的条件因素上,性别和年龄因素显示出了超越家庭收入、教育水平等社会经济变量的影响作用。