Although both academics and policymakers expect to improve public sense of gain through digital government, related empirical studies are scarce. By matching individual survey data from CGSS2017 with province-level secondary data, this study empirically explores the influence mechanism and differential effects of digital government on public sense of gain in digital era from the perspective of policy feedback theory. The analysis results indicate that: first, digital government influences public sense of gain in digital era through two mechanisms. On the one hand, it influences public political efficacy in digital era through interpretive effect; on the other hand, it influences public sense of social justice in digital era through resource effect. Second, on the supply side of digital government, different aspects of digital government have different effects on public sense of gain in digital era. While two-way interaction between government and citizens through government microblog improves public sense of gain in digital era, one-way information disclosure through government websites does not generate significant positive effects. Third, on the demand side, the characteristics of the public also influence the impact of digital government. While individual internet use enhances the positive effect of government microblog, individual online privacy concerns mitigate the positive effect of government microblog. The core theoretical contribution of this study is to elucidate the influence mechanism of digital government on public sense of gain in digital era from the perspective of policy feedback theory, and to reveal the contingency effect of digital government on public sense of gain in digital era from the perspective of supply-demand interaction.

通过数字政府建设提升公众获得感是理论界与实践界的共同期望,但相关实证研究仍较缺乏。本文基于政策反馈理论,综合采用我国省级层面的数字政府评估数据与个体层面调查数据,实证检验数字政府建设对公众数字获得感的影响机制,并进一步剖析其边界条件。研究发现:(1)数字政府建设通过两种机制影响公众数字获得感,即一方面通过阐释效应影响数字政治赋权感,另一方面通过资源效应影响数字公平促进感。(2)从供给侧来看,不同方面数字政府建设对公众数字获得感的影响不同,政府通过政务微博开展双向政民互动显著提升了公众数字获得感,而政府网站单向的信息公开则未产生显著影响。(3)从需求侧来看,作为用户的公众特征也会影响数字政府建设的成效,互联网使用促进了政务微博建设对公众数字获得感的正向影响,而网上隐私担忧则抑制了政务微博建设的正向影响。本文的核心理论贡献在于借鉴政策反馈理论阐明了数字政府建设对公众数字获得感的影响机制,并从供需互动视角揭示出数字政府建设影响公众数字获得感的权变特征。