In the process of promoting ecological civilization construction and implementing resource environmental protection，whether bottom-up social feedback plays an important role，and how local governments respond to public environmental appeals has attracted much attention. Based on provincial panel data from 2011 to 2020，the paper explores the impact of environmental social feedback on regional pollution emission，and constructs a "signal-constraint-response" model to further investigate why local governments respond differently to heterogeneous social feedback. This paper found that pollutant emissions in various regions showed a downward trend year by year，and social feedback was negatively correlated with regional pollutant emissions，that is，environmental social feedback can release certain signals and pressures to urge government responses. The subdivision of social feedback and governance tasks revealed that when local governments respond to environmental social feedback，they prefer to respond to strong-signal social feedback with outstanding signal effects，and to respond to explicit performance tasks with outstanding performance characteristics. Further analysis found that due to the scarcity of attention resources，and the resulting competition and allocation of attention，the differential response of local governments is a rational choice after comprehensive consideration. We believes that in order to improve the performance of environmental governance，government departments should further balance their response to different types of social feedback，balance the explicit performance and implicit performance governance in the field of environmental governance，and give full play to the coordination effect of environmental participation and government regulation.The research provides an important reference for understanding the social feedback performance and the form of government response from the perspective of environmental governance，and also makes certain contributions to the research Chinese environmental governance system.

在推动生态文明建设,落实资源环境保护的进程中,自下而上的社会反馈是否发挥作用,地方政府如何回应民众环保诉求备受关注。研究基于2011—2020年中国30个省面板数据,实证探讨环境社会反馈对区域污染排放的影响,并建构 “信号—约束—回应”模型进一步考察地方政府面对环境社会反馈何以呈现差异化回应策略。研究发现,各地区污染物排放呈逐年下降趋势,其中社会反馈与区域污染排放呈负相关关系,即关于环境问题的社会反馈能够释放某种信号和压力引起政府回应。对社会反馈与治理任务细分发现,地方政府在回应环境社会反馈时,在回应对象上偏好信号效应突出的强信号社会反馈,在回应内容上偏好绩效特征突出的显性绩效任务。进一步分析发现,由于注意力资源的稀缺性以及由此产生的注意力竞争和分配,地方政府经过恰当调适后做出差序回应的理性选择。研究认为,为提升环境治理绩效,地方政府应进一步平衡对不同类型社会反馈的回应力度,平衡显性绩效与隐性绩效任务治理,发挥环境社会参与和政府环境规制的协调效应。研究为理解环境治理视阈下社会反馈绩效和政府回应形式提供了重要参考,对中国环境治理体制研究亦有一定贡献。