The governance of aging society with Chinese characteristics is an important guarantee for taking the Chinese path for tacking population aging. This paper puts forward the concept of governance of aging society with Chinese characteristics and clarifies its objectives, framework and characteristics. It deeply analyzes the governance system logic of “all-round layout from concept to action” and the governance capability logic of “multiple subject participation with one core”.Then five key tasks are proposed: (1)to carry out “two combinations” in “three circles” to promote the aging system matured and finalized; (2)to promote the government innovation and build a service-oriented government for the aging society; (3)to make the responsibilities of Party and government leaders at all levels solid and fully empower grass-roots party and government workers; (4)to consolidate the grass-roots self-government of the old-age society in a political position, and promote the joint construction, governance and sharing of all parties; (5)to build an evaluation system for the governance of aging society to promote the modernization of governance through evaluation.