Welfare attitudes are the “barometer” of social policy. Since the end of the 1990s, a wave of social policy reform has been sweeping the world. In this context, this paper focuses on how welfare regimes influence welfare attitudes. Based on the Integrated Values Surveys from 2005 2009 and 2017 2020, this paper aims to uncover the effect and transmission of typical welfare regimes by constructing a multilevel generalized structural equation model. The findings are as follows:First, with a series of controlled macro and micro factors, different welfare regimes lead to the differences in people??s welfare attitudes. Second, gender equality plays a suppressing or even replacing role in the influence of welfare regimes on welfare attitudes. Third, the reinforcement effect of welfare regimes is heterogeneous among different classes of humans, and is more obvious in countries or regions with a small gap between rich and poor. Fourth, the welfare attitudes of the Chinese are similar to those of people in the countries and regions of East Asian welfare regime.

社会福利态度是社会政策的“晴雨表”,20世纪90年代末以来,社会政策改革浪潮席卷全世界。本文以此为背景聚焦福利体制如何影响福利态度问题,基于2005—2009年和2017—2020年两期综合价值观调查数据,通过构建多层广义结构方程模型,试图揭示典型福利体制的效应及传导作用。研究发现:第一,在控制一系列宏观因素和微观因素后,不同福利体制造成民众福利态度的差异性;第二,性别平等观在福利体制对福利态度的影响过程中起遮掩甚至替代作用;第三,福利体制的强化效应在不同阶层群体间存在异质性,在贫富差距小的国家和地区更加明显;第四,我国民众的福利态度与东亚福利体制国家和地区民众的福利态度具有相似性。