The government of PRC has taken clearing down the chaotic phenomena in the fandoms as one of priorities in the internet regulation because the activities of online fandoms generate numerous negative effects. The online fandoms, as a new type of social organization with more and more remarkable influence indicates their powerful mobilization. The online fans community organization, differing from three types of organizations argued by scholars, such as bureaucracy, network, and concentric circle organization, presents distinctive characteristics both in organizational structure and mobilization mechanism: the explicit organization purpose and incentive mechanism with the flexible group boundaries; as an single-power central organization with the characteristics of horizontal transmission by network connections; mobilized the members by emotion while the social relations of them being weak. In the article, we figure the fandoms as the “drop-shaped” organization in which demonstrates the interactions among different kinds of members in the organization. The core members and ones at the middle-level of the online fandoms, driven by the rational calculation of interests, play the roles as the mobilizers by inspiring the multiple emotional demands from the normal fans. The commercial capitals, especially those from the giant internet companies, regard operating the fandoms as one of tools for profit. What else we need to pay attention to is that the members at the middle-level are divergent in pursuing diverse interests, which can help us to understand why some of them may play a role contrary to the wills of the idols. Finally, the article also sheds light on the governance for platform since the platform is not only the object of the governance as the manipulator of the chaotic phenomena in the fandoms, but it can play the role of the autonomous tool for governance.

当下,整治 “饭圈”乱象已经成为政府互联网治理的重要任务之一,因为网络粉丝社群组织的活动给社会带来了巨大的负面影响。 “饭圈”惊人的社会影响力背后是这类组织所具有的高度动员能力。网络粉丝社群组织不同于学术界讨论过的三类常见组织 (科层制、网络型和同心圆型组织),它不论是在组织结构还是在动员机制方面都表现出独有的特色:具有明确的组织目的和激励机制,但在团体界限上富有弹性;具有横向传递的网络联结特点,却又是单权力中心;组织内的成员虽然在社会关系上呈现弱关系的特征,但却又可以依靠情感进行动员。本文将其概括为水滴型组织。这种组织中不同类型的成员之间分别形成了不同的互动关系。通过激发多样化的情感诉求,核心人物和中间层实现了对普通成员的情感动员,而核心人物和部分中间层成员则在理性的利益计算驱使下成为各类商业资本和平台资本营利的工具。还需注意的是, “饭圈”内部的中间层并非铁板一块,部分中间层成员和核心人物间可能出现利益不一致的情况,从而导致某些中间层成员可能做出有违核心人物意愿的行动。最后,研究 “饭圈”组织的结构和动员机制,对政府进行平台治理也有启发:平台是政府进行社会治理的对象,是饭圈 “乱象”的幕后推手,但因其已具有自主性,亦可以成为国家治理的工具。